Hippophae rhamnoides

                       Hippophae rhamnoides

           Hippophae rhamnoides, common sea-buckthorn, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeagnaceae, native to fixed dunes and sea cliffs in Europe and Asia. It is a spinydeciduous shrub.

  DESCRIPTION AND BIOLOGY

     H. rhamnoides can grow 2–4 m (7–13 ft) high. The leaves are alternate, narrow and lanceolate, with silvery-green upper faces. It is dioecious, which means that the male and female flowers grow on different shrubs. The male inflorescence is built up of four to six flowers without petals. The female inflorescence consists normally of only one flower without petals and contains one ovary and one ovule. Male plants need to be planted near the female plants to allow fertilisation and fruit production. The oval or lightly roundish fruits grow in compact grapes varying from pale yellow to dark orange and weighing from 0.2 g to 1 g. The plant has a very developed root system that can maintain the soil on high slopes. The roots live in symbiosis with actinomycetes. This relationship permits fixation of nitrogen from the air. They also transform insoluble organic and mineral matters from the soil to more soluble states. The rhizomes sucker rapidly to produce new colonies

  Taxonomy         The Latin rhamnoides means "resembling buckthorn". As the buckthorns are in a different family, and the common name sea buckthorn can refer to more than one species, it is preferable to refer to this plant by its unique 

     Range     Hippophae rhamnoides is a native plant throughout Europe, including Britain, from Norway south and east to Spain and Asia to Japan and the Himalayas. It is grown as an agricultural plant in Germany, France, Finland,ROMANIA India and China. China is the largest agricultural producer.The origin of the plant is Nepal and it migrated to other parts of Eurasia after the last Ice Age.

It is also cultivated as an ornamental plant in gardens and parks. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. 

   USE The fruits of sea buckthorn are used in a wide variety of products. Due to difficult harvest conditions and long ramp-up time of 6 to 8 years buckthorn is a relatively expensive raw material. 

FOOD

         Especially in France (southern Alps) sea buckthorn is commonly sold as fruit juice or as an ingredient in non-alcoholic and alcoholic mixed beverages. Other uses include the berries to be processed as fruit wine or into liquor as well as jam. Buckthorn tea is also made out of the fruits and originates from India.The fruits have a very high vitamin C content, on average exceeding that of lemons and oranges.   

                                        Pharmacological activitieS

                  Various pharmacological activities such as cytoprotective, anti-stress, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, radioprotective, anti-atherogenic, anti-tumor, anti-microbial and tissue regeneration have been reported

                                           

                                        Agricultural engineering 

             Buckthorn is resistant to wind and frost, tolerates salty soils and has a wide-reaching root system. It is often used to stabilize sandy locations and as a pioneering plant on regosols

                                            Plant protection

                  Relatively few diseases and insects are important on sea buckthorn but the followings are reported:

The disease Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium albo-atrum and Verticillium dahliae is widespread where sea buckthorn is cultivated. The disease appears on trees 5 to 8 years after plantation. The infected fruits mature prematurely, dry up and shrivel. Infected trees should be dug out and burned. For 3 to 5 years sea buckthorn should not be planted at the same place. Fusarium wiltis another important disease in sea buckthorn. Fusarium spp. seems to only attack rotting and dying plants. Infected branches should be cut and burned.

      There are also insects affecting sea buckthorn as aphids, thrips, two-spotted mites and earwigs. The gall tick, the leaf roller, the gypsy moth and the commashaped scale also cause damages to sea buckthorn.

 The most damaging insect is the sea buckthorn fly. It penetrates the fruits and eats the flesh. The fruits are then unacceptable for use.

                                      Weed control

        Weed control is very important especially during the early growth stages. Sea buckthorn grows slower than weeds because it has a less vigorous root system. Weeds should be removed before planting and then controlled during the first 4 or 5 years. Mechanical and hand cultivation are both used for weed control. The cultivation should not be too deep not to damage the roots of sea buckthorn. (Does sea buckthorn have a fibrous root system? If so, you could include this information ,

          Underbrush, or "Romanian ginseng" contains the highest amount of vitamin C, more than hip and ten times more than citrus. Underbrush can be and the best flu shot.Viewing this seabuckthorn recipes!

        In addition to being a good flu shot, underbrush "Romanian ginseng"  is an enemy such as skin diseases, stress, anemia, hepatitis and strengthens the heart. 

Sea buckthorn fruit can be eaten as is, in their natural state, are preparing them with honey or juice can be diluted with water. Sea Buckthorn has many properties that can be worth a thousand drugs to a place .

Of all the fruit, sea buckthorn contains the highest amount of vitamin C, more than hip and almost ten times more than citrus. In our country meet sea buckthorn and red, both with a powerful antoxidant the body.

The underbrush not only use fruit, but the buds, leaves and bark . Remember that the grandparents, fruits of the earth, and this marvel of plant, kept instead of drugs to nourish the body with vitality and health. 

              BRIEF HISTORY

      Sea buckthorn is a shrub whose fruit benefits known since antiquity. It seems to have originated in Southeast Asia and the Chinese use it for more than 2,000 years in traditional medicine.

In Romania , a buckthorn grows wild in the Carpathian from Moldavia and Wallachia, Siret basin and to Olt.

Scientific name of Tamarix ramosissima Alba underbrush is - Hippophae rhamnoides.Red Sea Buckthorn is Myricaria Germanic Fam. Tamaicaceae

Catina and its properties

Sea buckthorn fruit contains vitamin A, C, B complex, E, P, K, F and microelements such as phosphorous, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron and sodium. Catina is rich in beta-carotene (more than carrots contain) well as pectin, sugars, amino acids and essential fatty acids.

Sea buckthorn berries are harvested from August to late October.

       INTERNAL USE

Sea Buckthorn Oil form (seabuckthorn oil) is beneficial in diseases such as gastric and duodenal ulcer, diarrhea, rheumatism, diseases of Neuroendocrinology, circulatory and liver. It is also used in alcoholism, stress, fatigue, anemia , coronary, hypertension, gingivitis . An observable effect it has on depression, Parkinson's disease, tumors, adenomas, oral diseases, pharyngitis, raguselii, flu, colds, poisoning and leukemia.

Sea buckthorn is considered a good anti-inflammatory , healing, antibiotic, astringent, anti-cancer. It is indicated for the treatment of liver, spleen and kidneys .

Buckthorn shrub

                    EXTERNAL USE

Sea Buckthorn oil is used as for eye diseases (nearsightedness, farsightedness, glaucoma, cataracts), urticaria, allergies, dermatitis, low immunity, skin ulcers, eczema, acne, bedsores, piles, psoriasis and sunburn. Catina is a good sudorific and is also used in treating some gynecological diseases .

Can be used in diets for inhibiting appetite , but while vitamins to the body .

Sea buckthorn oil you control cholesterol levels .

You should know that anti-inflammatory, healing and antibiotics are owned and buckthorn bark bush.

Catina help keep youth

              Underbrush or better say, sea buckthorn sprouts as a tincture is an excellent remedy against aging.

Sea buckthorn sprouts have, it seems, and an aphrodisiac effect .

Catina

Catina is used not only in industry but also in food and non-food.

Underbrush, with sweet fruit actrisor can be consumed pure or mixed with honey, mainly. It can be used for tea, cookies, etc..

Morning on an empty stomach with a teaspoon of sea buckthorn honey will do wonders for your body . If the price of a kilogram of sea buckthorn will often feel even try to clean the fruits of sea buckthorn branch and you will clarify what has a price higher.

Sea buckthorn fruit can be consumed as juice, jam, syrup or wine. To get seabuckthorn juice, fresh fruit is squeezed through a press grapes or give through a stainless sieve.

Sea buckthorn juice is kept at room temperature for a long time, because the film that forms on its surface that prevents its souring. Sea buckthorn berries are used in hypo and avitaminosis, anemia, arthritis, rheumatism, arteriosclerosis, diarrhea, eye infections, tuberculosis, Parkinson, urticaria, ulcers, chronic and epidemic hepatitis, cirrhosis

Recipes with Sea Buckthorn

                Syrup of buckthorn

1 liter of sea buckthorn juice obtained from 2 kg of underbrush on the tomato juicer, 1.5 kilograms of sugar or honey 1 liter.

Juice obtained messes with sugar or honey in a bowl and stir 4-5 times per day (for 3-4 days) until sugar melts. ( gustos.ro )

Syrup of buckthorn